The reading passage and the lecture are discussing several methods that can help the birds distinguish glass and air, on modern architecture. 


The first solution that the reading passage indicates is one-way glass. The one way glass is the glass can only see through one side. If the birds cannot see anything from the other side, it will understand there is a solid wall in front of them. The lecture states that the other side of the glass which cannot see through, reflects like a mirror. The birds will see trees and buildings in the mirror and might believe that they were the actual real buildings and trees, so they are still going to fly toward the mirror, because they don't understand what mirror is.

The second solution that the reading passage indicates is to paint some colorful designs on the regular window. People inside the building could see through the glass where have no paint, birds could see the paintings and avoid fly toward the glasses.  The lecture indicates that the birds might treat the glass which have no paint, as a hole, and it will still fly towards it. If the hole on the glasses becomes too small. the people inside the building cannot see outside, and it's going to be dark inside. 

The third solution that the reading passage indicates is to create an artificial megnetic field which encourage birds fly away from the buildings. The lecture states that the birds only use their megnetic field ability for only long distances, and they use eyes and brightness to determine short distance.